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Chemistry Continued

INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

VII). Inorganic Compounds

 

A). Water

1). High heat capacity

2). High heat of vaporization

3). Polarity/solvent properties

4). Reactivity

5). Cushioning

 

B). Salts

A salt is an ionic compound consisting of ions other than H+ or OH-

i.e. Na+, K+, P+ Ca++, etc

All ions are electrolytes

Substances that conduct an electrical current on solution

C). Acids & Bases

Acids & Bases are covalently bonded molecules that dissociate in water

1). Acids

• When acids dissociate they release an H+ and a anion.

2). Bases

• Bases are proton acceptor and usually contain a hydroxyl ion (OH-).

3). pH

The relative concentration of H+ ion solution is measured in pH units

 

 

pH 7 the H+ = OH-.

pH lower than 7 is acidic and the H+ > OH-.

pH greater than 7 is basic or alkaline and the OH- > H +.

4). Buffers

i).  If the pH begins to rise (increase OH-) and becomes basic buffers release H+ (acting as acids

 

H2CO3 ® HCO3- + H+

 

The OH- (hydroxyl) binds with H+ lowering the pH

ii). If the pH begins to lower (increase H+) and becomes acidic. Buffers act as H+ acceptors and the pH rises.

H2CO3 ¬ HCO3- + H+

The H+ (hydrogen ion) binds with the base thus raising the pH.

 

H2CO3 <-> HCO3- + H+

This reaction can be pushed either way depending on the level of H+ in the blood