11  People and Motivation

 

Mitsubishi

 

 

Motivation:  inner drive that energizes, directs, and sustains behavior

Morale:  feelings, about the job, superiors, and the company

 

A.   Perspectives

                1.  Scientific Management:  apply science to jobs, one best way

 

                                Piece rate system and Bethlehem Steel

 

 

                2.  Hawthorne Studies:  how people feel really matters

 

               

 

                3.  Maslow’s Hierarchy – only motivated when previous needs in sequence are satisfied

 

                                Self-actualization

                                Esteem

                                Social

                                Safety

                                Physiological

 

                4.  Herzberg:  some factors motivate, some don’t (MONEY doesn’t motivate!)

                                Motivation Factors

 

 

                                Hygiene Factors

 

 

                5.  Theory X and Y

 

 

                6.  Theory Z

 

7.  Reinforcement Theory

                R+

                R-

                P+

                P-

 

              

 

B.  Theories of Motivation:  Why people do the things they do!

                1.  Equity

 

 

                2.  Expectancy

 

 

                3.  Goal Setting

                               

                          

 

C.  Motivation Trends – Which of these really work?

                1.  MBO

 

                2.  Job Enrichment

 

                3.  Flextime, part-time work, job sharing, and telecommuting

 

                4.  Empowerment and Self-Managed work teams

 

                5.  Employee Ownership